BIRCH (Betula lenta)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, disinfectant

AFFINITY FOR: muscles and joints, nerves, urinary system, lymphatic system, lung meridian

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Betulaceae

PART UTILIZED: bark

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Birch should be applied, well diluted, to areas of pain or inflammation.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Birch awakens the senses, increasing awareness and alertness.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Sometimes we get into a frame of mind where we are very much afraid of the truth. We are sure that we will not be able to handle the truth if it is forced upon us. We spend a lot of mental and emotional energy hiding from the truth. Birch is eye opening. It shatters our illusions and brings us up against reality. This sounds harsh, but honesty in looking at oneself is a liberating force. The most important truth we can learn in this life is the truth about our own motivations. This truth will truly set us free and Birch essential oil can help us grasp it and keep hold of it.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Birch essential oil has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is useful for arthritis, muscle and bone pain, tendonitis, osteoporosis, and any inflammatory condition. Birch is also a treatment for bladder infections, recurring cystitis, gout, edema, and kidney stones. Birch helps with eczema and other skin disorders. One of its outstanding uses is reducing fevers.

GENERAL INFORMATION: One of the key compounds in Birch (and Wintergreen) essential oil is methyl salicylate. In Birch oil, this compound makes up 85-90% of the oil. Methyl salicylate is an aspirin-like compound which has much the same effect on muscles and nerves as cortisone, but as a constituent of an essential oil it does not have the side-effects of cortisone.

Methyl salicylate is easily and cheaply produced in laboratories, but the man-made substitute has very toxic side effects. This is not true of Birch essential oil—in spite of what you may have heard or read. There are two basic reasons for the natural one being harmless and the chemical version being deadly.

The first has to do with molecular structure. Methyl salicylate is comprised of 19 atoms—8 of carbon, 8 of hydrogen, and 3 of oxygen. Imagine how many different combinations could be made using these “building blocks.” Nature makes only one methyl salicylate. Forced together in a laboratory, this set of atoms combine into 25 known structures called isomers. The components of each isomer are the same but the structure is different. Two of these isomers are quite similar to natural methyl salicylate but are not quite right! Different isomers of the same compound can have entirely different, often opposite, properties—some helpful, most harmful. This is the case with man-made methyl salicylate. It has nasty side effects.

Secondly, the 10-15% of other compounds that occur naturally in Birch oil balances the methyl salicylate and keep it from being toxic. This “balancing act” of naturally occurring compounds is common in the natural world. (The lack of balancing components is why drugs have side effects and herbs do not!!) Research done by aromatherapists of the British school of thought was conducted using perfume grade essential oils (in other words, synthetic laboratory produced oils diluted in carrier oil). This research has been given extensive coverage in print. These synthetic oils proved toxic—even when diluted. The research has no relevance to the safety or efficacy of pure therapeutic grade essential oils. Therapeutic grade Birch essential oil is safe to use; synthetic reproductions are not!

I visited a web site where it was explained that Birch oil had aggravated a toxic condition established by medications which contained large amounts of “fake” methyl salicylate. This was cited as a reason to not use Birch essential oil at all. The fact that the reaction was set up by the synthetic compound was brushed aside as irrelevant. It was assumed that the reaction would have been the same with pure Birch oil.

Although the natural and the man-made compounds have the same name, they are not the same! A study of simple chemistry shows this clearly. (See Dr. David Stewart’s book The Chemistry of Essential Oils Made Simple, page 221). The methyl salicylate in the Birch oil continued to aggravate the condition because the natural compounds meant to balance it were insufficient for a battle against the synthetic compound in the medications and the natural compound in the Birch oil at the same time. More simply put, the “balancing” substances in the Birch were sufficient for the Birch; they were wholly inadequate to deal with a deliberate drug over-dose.

Essential oils heal because they are naturally occurring substances, balanced by nature and nature’s Creator. They heal quickly, without the side effects of drugs. Never forget, drugs have side effects!!

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: analgesic, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, anti-catarrhal, expectorant, tonic, febrifuge, digestive, rubefacient, diuretic, laxative

AFFINITY FOR: nerves, circulation, digestion, endocrine system, pericardium meridian, root and solar plexus chakras, yang energy

RESONANCE: physical, emotional, mental

PLANT FAMILY: Piperaceae

PART UTILIZED: fruit

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Black Pepper should always be carefully diluted. It is beneficial when applied to the feet and to areas of pain or poor circulation.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Black Pepper essential oil should be diffused carefully because it is quite pungent. Black Pepper contains a significant amount of sesquiterpenes. There are more sesquiterpenes in Black Pepper than there are in Frankincense. (See page 5-Blood/Brain Barrier.)

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: The responsibility of the pericardium meridian is to protect the heart and emotions. Black Pepper has an energizing effect on this meridian, stimulating our inner defenses. This inner strength gives us protection from negative energy, and keeps our energy intact and strong. Black Pepper helps us keep our perspective clear, even when those around us are mired in negativity and predicting “the worst” possible scenarios. Black Pepper can help us be more realistic in our expectations of others, and more empathetic to their struggles and pain.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Black Pepper gives a boost to the immune system. It helps maintain stamina and energy because it increases cellular oxygen levels. Black Pepper is analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic. It is a good oil to use for improving muscle tone and recovering from sprains or sports injuries. Black Pepper strengthens the nervous system and stimulates the endocrine glands.

CAUTIONS: Black Pepper can cause mild irritation to sensitive skin. This is definitely a “warming” oil.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

CEDARWOOD (Cedrus deodora)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antiseptic, tonic, antifungal, antiseborrheic, regenerative, astringent, diuretic, expectorant, fungicidal, stimulant to circulatory system but sedative to nervous system—this is a rare and powerful combination

AFFINITY FOR: urinary tract, spleen, pancreas, skin and scalp, lymphatic system, central vessel meridian, kidney meridian, heart meridian, spleen meridian, chakras and subtle bodies

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Coniferae

PART UTILIZED: bark, wild crafted

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Dilute and apply to the feet or to the body.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Cedarwood is an excellent oil for meditation and clarity of mind. It reduces tension and promotes restful sleep. The aroma of Cedarwood can help us realize when we are being self-righteous, rigid, or dogmatic in our opinions.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Cedarwood was used traditionally by the Indian tribes of America to enhance spiritual communication. Like all conifer oils, Cedarwood enhances feelings of security and protection. It helps us to feel, and return, the love of heaven. The aroma of Cedarwood calms anger and relieves nervous tension. It quiets the mind that is going over and over the same details, analyzing and then analyzing again. Steadiness, integrity, and emotional stability are some of the great gifts of Cedarwood oil.

Cedarwood strengthens the energy of the kidney meridian. Strength in this meridian gives us the will to stand firm when we have made a decision, even against persistent opposition. Cedarwood can give us strength in times of crisis as we stand strong, refusing to lose confidence or faith. This is an excellent oil to bolster us when we are going into strange or unfamiliar situations. Cedarwood oil has been shown effective in the treatment of ADHD because it stabilizes beta/theta waves.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Because it is mucolytic (dissolves mucous), Cedarwood is useful for chest infections, asthma, and coughs. It is also soothing and healing to the skin, and especially, to the scalp. Cedarwood is often used for dandruff, hair loss, and psoriasis.

Cedarwood encourages lymphatic drainage and stimulates the breakdown of fat in the tissues. Mildly diuretic, Cedarwood is used for cellulite and water retention. Decongestant, astringent, and anti-infective, Cedarwood is useful for respiratory and urinary tract infections. Cedarwood is of benefit in any physical complaint where the underlying condition is coldness and dampness, physically or energetically. Valued as an insect repellent to be used around spices and other food items.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Cedarwood oil is very powerful at breaking up catarrh. This action of Cedarwood oil is a fine example of the connections between the physical body and the more subtle (or energy) aspects of our systems. Just as surely as Cedarwood will break up catarrh and phlegm in the physical body, it will remove the congestion and clutter that is clogging our minds and spirits.

CAUTIONS: Cedarwood should be avoided by pregnant women.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

CHAMOMILE, ROMAN (Chamaemelum nobile)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: calmative, analgesic, antibiotic, febrifuge, anti-inflammatory, immune stimulant

AFFINITY FOR: reproductive system, nervous system, digestive system, spleen meridian, bladder meridian, yin energy, throat chakra

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Compositae

PART UTILIZED: flowers

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Chamomile Roman can be applied to the base of the neck, on the temples, and over the liver. It can be added to shampoo or conditioner to cover gray in lighter hair colors.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: The aroma of Chamomile Roman, in my opinion, is the most relaxing scent in the entire essential oil world. Chamomile Roman is powerfully soothing. The soothing action of this oil applies to both physical and emotional conditions alike. Diffused, this oil creates an atmosphere of peace and patience.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Chamomile Roman smooths the flow of the chi energy throughout the body. It is this regulation of vital energy that makes Chamomile Roman so powerfully soothing to both physical and emotional conditions. In fact, so powerfully does this oil unravel the negative emotions behind physical ailments, that it is sometimes hard to tell if it is working at an emotional or a physical level. Chamomile Roman is of great benefit in the treatment of chronic headaches, insomnia, nervous indigestion and nausea, and irritable bowel syndrome—to name just a few.

The smoothing out of the vital energy prevents the build-up of energetic heat, which manifests in the body as inflammation. This Chamomile is particularly beneficial for alleviating neuritis, cystitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and earache.

One of the outstanding uses of Chamomile Roman essential oil is for babies with colic, babies who startle awake and then cry for a long time, and infants that are just plain fussy and want to be held and comforted most of the day and night.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: This variety of Chamomile, though containing less deep blue azulene, has anti-inflammatory properties. It is of benefit when applied to aching muscles and joints. Because it is so mild and soothing, Chamomile Roman is wonderful in the tub or used in a compress. This oil is very soothing for menstrual cramps, nausea, PMS, tension, and nerves.

Chamomile Roman cleanses the blood and reduces allergic reactions. Allergy sufferers can find a great deal of relief by carrying an inhaler or just a few drops of this oil on a tissue or cotton ball. Chamomile Roman is an antihistamine and soothing to inflamed tissues.

GENERAL INFORMATION: The plant from which Chamomile Roman is distilled is very tender and delicate. It must be harvested at precisely the right moment in its growth cycle. To accomplish this, growers concerned with quality do a test distillation every few days as the plant matures. They have the distillation analyzed using gas chromatography. This ensures the therapeutic quality of the essential oil.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

CINNAMON BARK (Cinnamomum verum var. zeylanicum)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: stimulant, antiseptic, antibiotic, antiviral, antiputrescent, analgesic, antispasmodic, emmenagogue

AFFINITY FOR: enhances the properties of other essential oils, circulatory system, root chakra, sacral chakra, astral body

RESONANCE: physical, emotional, spiritual

PLANT FAMILY: Lauraceae

PART UTILIZED: bark, organic

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Cinnamon bark is a very strong oil. It must be diluted well before being applied to the body or feet.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Cinnamon is very strong, perhaps too strong to be diffused by itself. As part of a blend such as LeDeliverance, it diffuses very well, and would certainly be effective against a wide range of microbes.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: The aroma of cinnamon seems to reach deeply into our souls, asking hard questions and bringing deep issues to the surface. Situations and questions we have left unresolved are brought back to our attention. If we choose to deal with them we will be able to move forward toward healing and peace. Cinnamon can provide courage to look into the darker places in ourselves, as well as sufficient courage to look squarely at each situation in our lives. If you feel that your heart and emotions have gone cold and are buried deep inside, cinnamon will warm them up and help you bring them into the light.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Cinnamon bark essential oil has very specific purposes and applications.

1. It is a very powerful antimicrobial. Virus spores, bacteria, and fungus cannot live in the presence of this oil. Cinnamon is effective for all types of infections.

2. Cinnamon oil enhances the action and activity of other oils with which it is combined, creating synergistically amazing combinations.

3. Cinnamon carries oxygen into the cells. It is stimulating and toning to the entire body. Cinnamon is of particular benefit to the circulatory system. Cinnamon, preferably in a blend, should be used for arthritis, muscular aches and pains, coughs, and colds.

4. Cinnamon aids the body in the regulation and utilization of insulin.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Cinnamon is part of the formula the Lord gave Moses (recorded in Exodus 30:22-27).

CAUTIONS: Cinnamon oil is best used in low doses or as part of a blend of essential oils. Cinnamon is too strong for use in the tub or shower. It should be used cautiously with children and people with sensitive skin.

CLARY SAGE (Salvia sclarea)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: regulates cells and balances hormones, antiseptic, calming, emmenagogue, anti-infective, antispasmodic, antisudorific, aphrodisiac, nerve tonic, estrogen-like properties

AFFINITY FOR: digestive system, respiratory system, hormone balance, spleen meridian, governing vessel meridian, supports yang energy and moderates yin energy

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Labiatae

PART UTILIZED: whole plant when flowering

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Dilute well and apply to the feet or on the body.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: The aroma of Clary Sage promotes confidence and clarity about what you want your life to be.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: The emotional actions of Clary Sage are explained by the balance it establishes between stimulation and relaxation (yang and yin). Clary Sage calms tension, nervousness, and hypersensitivity, yet revives and revitalizes us when we are fatigued.

Clary Sage is a good oil for those who, when overtired, become hypersensitive and either weep or find fault with everyone around them. It is also a good choice for people whose lives show a pattern of continually choosing the wrong kind of friends. The aroma of Clary Sage calms the nerves and enhances the dream state of sleep. It brings about feelings of contentment.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Clary Sage moderates excessive estrogen and yin energy. It is very effective for PMS, menstrual problems and cramping, infertility, frigidity and impotence, and some of the difficulties experienced during menopause. An excess of estrogen is linked to several women’s cancers.

Clary Sage is useful in kidney infections, sore throat, and bronchial infections. It strengthens cellular structure and regulates cellular activity. It is an excellent oil, especially as part of a blend, for muscular fatigue and excessive perspiration.

CAUTIONS: Clary Sage has a lower percentage of thujone than does common Sage (Salvia officinalis). Clary Sage is completely safe for most people in most applications when used in normal dosages. However, Clary Sage has a strong action on hormones and should be used with extreme caution during pregnancy. Clary Sage is not to be used with children because of these hormonal properties.

Clary Sage should be avoided if alcohol is going to be consumed and is not to be used in the bath. Use small amounts when diffusing.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

CLOVE BUD (Syzgium aromaticum)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antiseptic, antibiotic, antiviral, antifungal, analgesic, antineuralgia, antispasmodic, stimulant, carminative, aphrodisiac, stomachic, tonic, antiparasitic, anti-tumoral

AFFINITY FOR: muscles, digestive system, circulatory system, lymphatic system, urinary tract, solar plexus chakra, brain, immune system, root chakra, all of the meridians

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Myrtaceae

PART UTILIZED: fruit bud

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Pay careful attention to the dilution of clove essential oil before putting it on the skin. Clove essential oil can be applied to the feet or to any area of the body where its properties are needed.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: The aroma of clove improves memory, alleviates mental and physical exhaustion, protects from negative energy, and creates feelings of cooperation and courage. Clove helps us to move forward, exploring new possibilities and experiences, with enthusiasm.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: The aroma of clove is, literally, heart-warming. It helps us to look away from ourselves and our own needs, so we can see the needs of family members and friends. Clove helps us translate this "seeing" into practical, every day living and giving. Clove bud oil lifts depression, leaving behind a feeling of optimism and lightness. Clove bud oil can create and sustain a positive outlook and attitude.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Spices are among the most nutritional herbal remedies, and clove is one of the best. When clove bud essential oil is absorbed into the body, it provides missing nutrients. Because clove oil improves the overall nutrition in the body, it can be of benefit in many physical conditions. Clove bud is excellent in the early stages of illness to kill viruses and bacteria. Clove's stimulative and nutritive properties are helpful later on, during the recovery phase, to rebuild energy and stamina.

Clove bud is a strong topical anesthetic and pain reliever. It is often used to lessen the pain of a toothache until the problem can be remedied by a dentist. Clove acts on the digestive system for flatulence, nausea, and diarrhea. Clove bud essential oil is strong enough to dissolve warts. It should be used undiluted several times a day directly on the wart. Putting a drop or two on a little round band aid keeps the clove oil directly against the wart. This method is very effective.

Clove can be used for skin afflictions such as ringworm, scabies, and skin parasites. Clove is effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, so a diagnosis of exactly what is causing the problem is unnecessary.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Has been used in the treatment of Hodgkin's Disease.

CAUTIONS: Clove, except as part of a blended oil, should be avoided by pregnant women. It should be used with caution and diluted well for use with children and anyone with sensitive skin. To strong to be used in the bath. Repeated use as a single can cause contact sensitization and allergic reactions.

CYPRESS (Cupressus sempervirens)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: mucolytic, hepatic, astringent, antispasmodic, antisudorific, diuretic, restorative, vasoconstrictor, respiratory tonic, calmative, astringent

AFFINITY FOR: circulation, muscles, pancreas, joints, liver, lymphatic drainage, respiratory system, reproductive system, solar plexus chakra, throat chakra, large intestine meridian, central vessel meridian, spleen meridian, yin energy.

RESONANCE: physical, emotional, spiritual

PLANT FAMILY: Coniferae/Cupressacea (sub)

PART UTILIZED: twigs, leaves

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

APPLICATION: Diluted and applied anywhere. Excellent applied to the bottoms of the feet.

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Cypress is a wonderful healer for the spirit. It brings the feeling that each new day is a fresh start on our road to glowing life and health. Change is a part of life. Times of transition can be positive if we allow them to be. If we struggle against the changes, trying to hang on to what was, our life can feel like an unending struggle. Interestingly, cypress - while not a sedative - is useful for insomnia. Perhaps the optimism it brings quiets the usual worry that is keeping one awake.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: Cypress is considered in many cultures to be symbolic of life after death. It may be useful when facing death or other separations. The aroma of cypress opens us to direction from heaven. Cypress can help soften unbending and inflexible attitudes. Cypress seems to bring balance to our attitudes about money. It has the effect of loosening purse strings that are being held too tightly. Cypress can help us learn to enjoy the bounty that we have. Perhaps those who need to can even learn to spend a little on something that is not an absolute necessity.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Cypress strengthens capillary walls, reducing varicose veins and hemorrhoids. Cypress is a respiratory, lymphatic, liver, pancreas, and prostate decongestant, making cypress useful for a wide variety of ailments. Cypress is a mild, but effective, diuretic. It should be tried for water retention, cellulite, menstrual bloating, and menopausal problems. Cypress is one of the best oils for muscle cramps and healing wounds. In fact, cypress is one of the best single oils to reach for in many circumstances. I love and use mostly blends, but cypress is so complex and far reaching that it is almost like a blend itself.

CAUTIONS: Cypress is mildly estrogenic and should be avoided by most pregnant women. It is, however, used for toxemia when at least part of the cause is an estrogen imbalance.

EUCALYPTUS, RADIATA (Eucalyptus radiata)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: anti-catarrhal, antidepressant, antiseptic, expectorant, calming

AFFINITY FOR: respiratory system, muscular system, circulation, spleen meridian, triple warmer meridian, lung meridian, yin energy

RESONANCE: physical and emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Myrtaceae

PART UTILIZED: leaves

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

CONSIDERATIONS: Like the Blue Mallee variety, Radiata is gentler and softer than Globulus.

APPLICATION: Use exactly as you would other varieties of Eucalyptus.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: The emotional qualities of all Eucalyptus varieties are similar, but this one is preferred by many for use in meditation and energy work.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: This Eucalyptus is used much the same as the Globulus variety but it is reputed to be less likely to irritate the skin when used repeatedly for sore muscles. Radiata has a high percentage of cineole, also known as eucalyptol. This is the component believed to relieve colds and congestion.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Eucalyptus Radiata was actually the first Eucalyptus distilled commercially as an essential oil. It is commonly known as “Narrow-Leafed Peppermint,” although it is a member of the Eucalyptus family.

CAUTIONS: The cautions for this variety are the same as for other varieties of Eucalyptus.

INTERNAL USE: See General Information in Eucalyptus notes on the previous pages.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

FRANKINCENSE (Boswellia carterii)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: tonic, stimulant, expectorant, antidepressant, antiseptic, revitalizer, anti-catarrhal, anti-tumoral

AFFINITY FOR: respiratory system, digestive system, circulation, urinary tract, skin, cellular structure and strength, earth meridian, crown chakra

RESONANCE: mental, emotional, spiritual, physical

PLANT FAMILY: Burseraceae

PART UTILIZED: resin

EXTRACTION METHOD: distilled

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Frankincense can be used to reduce anxiety and nervous tension, and in times of stress or fear.

APPLICATION: Frankincense can be applied to any area of the body. It is of great benefit diffused.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: Frankincense is an excellent choice for those who are afraid of death, fear coming changes in their lives, or have suffered the loss of a loved one. Helps us link the past with the future, allowing us to connect cause and effect, actions and consequences, to one another. As we make these connections, we can choose our course more wisely in the future.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Frankincense has a reputation worldwide for crossing the blood/brain barrier, carrying oxygen and nutrients to the pineal and pituitary glands within the brain. It is the sesquiterpenes contained in frankincense that give it this ability. (There are many essential oils besides frankincense which contain sesquiterpenes. Some of them even contain more sesquiterpenes than frankincense.)

Frankincense is useful for skin disorders and circulation problems. It has a very beneficial effect on respiratory conditions such as cough, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Frankincense is of benefit in any condition that is caused or worsened by nervous tension and emotional trauma.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Frankincense is considered a holy oil in the Middle East. It has been used since ancient times in meditations. It is said that frankincense improves communication between us and our Creator.

In ancient Israel, frankincense was used to anoint the newborn sons of kings and priests. Perhaps, the magi brought frankincense to the infant Jesus as a symbolic representation of who he really was.

Frankincense was also used during the time of approaching death. It was thought to assist a person in making the transition from life to death. Certainly, Christ's eventual death for all of us was the purpose of his life. I find the reverse symbolism of life from death - resurrection - to be equally powerful.

Frankincense was also used in the embalming of the dead. Perhaps its inclusion in the rare and precious gifts was an acknowledgement of the life and mission of the Savior of the World.

GINGER (Zingiber officinale)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antiseptic, stimulant, stomachic, aphrodisiac, febrifuge, expectorant

AFFINITY FOR: circulation, memory, digestive system, small intestine, stomach meridian, base chakra

RESONANCE: physical, emotional, mental

PLANT FAMILY: Zingiberaceae

PART UTILIZED: root

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Ginger essential oil increases physical energy and stamina. It influences how we relate to money and how we feel about our material possessions. Ginger essential oil has long been considered to be an aphrodisiac.

APPLICATION: Ginger is extremely strong—the CO2 extraction being stronger than the steam distilled version. Ginger, in both forms, must always be diluted very well and care should be taken to get only one drop if using either one in the bath.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Ginger is for the usually dynamic individual who has lost drive and ambition and has become apathetic and confused. The emotional impact of Ginger is absolutely uncompromising. It insists on burning away illusions and mis-perceptions and replacing them with clarity and vision.

Ginger insists that we take the initiative and be willing to tackle and complete the hard tasks facing us in our life. The aroma of Ginger strengthens our will power, activates initiative, and restores our determination. It can boost our confidence in ourselves and give us additional vitality and ambition.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Ginger warms the body and the soul, helping one to tap into hidden reserves of energy. Ginger has been widely recognized since ancient times as being toning and stimulating to the digestive tract and for circulation. Because it increases capillary strength and circulation, it is of benefit to a long list of physical and mental complaints. A few unusual ones are: alcoholism, loss of appetite, impotence, memory loss, and motion sickness.

Ginger seems to be an oil that is well-suited to use during the fall and winter months because of its warming properties.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Ginger mixed with Lime is one of my favorite combinations in aromatherapy. I prefer the milder, steam distilled version, for mixing with Lime. I enjoy the combination for the emotional and physical lift it provides. This mixture also disinfects and purifies while leaving a uniquely pleasant aroma behind.

CAUTIONS: Ginger is extremely potent, almost caustic. Undiluted or used too often, it may irritate sensitive skin. Ginger is phototoxic, really—one of the few essential oils I worry about the sun with much; you must avoid direct sunlight on skin to which it has been applied for about 12 hours. Never use more than 1 drop in the bath. Ginger opens the capillaries so quickly that a severe headache can result if more than a single drop is used—even with the milder steam distilled version.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

GRAPEFRUIT (Citrus paradisi)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: tonic, digestive, antiseptic, anti-infective, restorative

AFFINITY FOR: urinary tract, lymphatic system, triple warmer meridian, spleen meridian, heart chakra

RESONANCE: physical, emotional, mental

PLANT FAMILY: Rutaceae

PART UTILIZED: fruit

EXTRACTION METHOD: cold pressed

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Grapefruit is uplifting to the mind and spirit. It is hard to be negative or anxious in the presence of this oil, because it promotes feelings of joy, confidence, and spontaneity. Grapefruit should be diffused or inhaled for performance stress or to cope with jet lag.

APPLICATION: Grapefruit should be diluted and applied to the feet or to areas of the body needing to release emotions, cellulite, or both.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Grapefruit is a very joyous and positive essential oil. It can be a ray of bright light guiding us out of darkness and depression. Grapefruit is equally good for mental exhaustion and mental tension. Grapefruit seems to address the emotional issues of self-worth and discontent with one’s body that are so often a part of anorexia and other eating disorders.

The aroma of Grapefruit is particularly suited to people who, when tense or under pressure, eat as a means of relieving stress or finding comfort. Often, the driving emotion is frustration because their too high expectations have not been met in some way. If they reacted to their frustration with anger or blame of themselves or others, a layer of guilt is added to the frustration.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Grapefruit is used in treatment programs for drug withdrawal and to cope with the after-effects of drinking too many alcoholic beverages. Grapefruit is an excellent detoxifier of the lymphatic system and aids the kidneys in maintaining proper fluid levels throughout the body. Grapefruit has a reputation for burning fat and cellulite.

Graprefruit essential oil contains a high percentage of limonene. Preliminary animal studies indicate the limonene protects against pancreatic, stomach, colon, skin, and liver cancers. A study done at Brigham Young University showed an 80% cancer cell growth inhibition. Purdue University reported that limonene helps 80% of carcinomas in breast cancer to regress—with little toxicity.

Grapefruit detoxifies the lymphatic system. This makes it a useful tonic for many body systems. It is specific for water retention and the dissolving of cellulite. Grapefruit aids with gallstones, water retention, and kidney and liver disorders. Grapefruit, diluted in water, can be used as an astringent face wash for acne. Grapefruit can relieve a migraine headache and return the energy system to normal after long jet flights. Grapefruit is one of the best oils for premenstrual water retention and headache.

CAUTIONS: Grapefruit is photo-toxic. It is recommended by some experts that you avoid exposing areas of skin to which Grapefruit has been applied to sunlight or UV rays for at least 12 hours.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

HELICHRYSUM (Helichrysum italicum) (also known as Immortelle)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antispasmodic, analgesic, expectorant, anticoagulant, hepatic, anti-inflammatory, stimulant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, hemostatic

AFFINITY FOR: cardiovascular system, respiratory system, endocrine system, muscles, liver, skin, joints, bones, right side of the brain, throat chakra, gallbladder meridian

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Compositae

PART UTILIZED: flowers, wild crafted

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: When there are emotional blockages or repetitive behavior patterns as the result of abuse or trauma, Helichrysum can help us discover and remove them. Once these blockages have been removed, we can move on with our lives.

APPLICATION: Dilute and apply to appropriate areas such as the feet, the chest, or behind the ears.

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Helichrysum has an affinity for the creative right side of the brain, which our culture and schooling often pushes into the background. Because Helichrysum stimulates this side of the brain, we are able to view our world and make our choices from a more balanced perspective.

Helichrysum is often used in emotional healing. It helps us get in touch with unresolved emotions and gently restores memories that have been deeply buried in the subconscious mind. Helichrysum helps release defense mechanisms and offers comfort while we are processing difficult emotions. Helichrysum promotes a calm acceptance of the changes within ourselves that may result from the processing of emotions and memories. It also helps supply the needed self-confidence to make hard decisions.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Helichrysum is renowned for its use in rejuvenation of skin and muscle. It drains congestion and reestablishes blood flow to traumatized areas, helping bruises and hematomas to disperse more quickly. Helichrysum regenerates damaged tissue and can help prevent scarring at the site of an injury. Helichrysum is recommended for lowering cholesterol. Helichrysum is anti-inflammatory and analgesic, making it excellent for sciatica and arthritis.

Helichrysum is an excellent oil for respiratory conditions and for lymph drainage. It is stimulating to the liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and vascular system. Helichrysum, diluted with a carrier oil, has been used in many cultures as a sunscreen.

GENERAL INFORMATION: Helichrysum (immortelle) is a very delicate, yet hardy in its own way, plant. There is often a great deal of difference in aroma and therapeutic properties from one year to the next. Differences can even occur from one distillation to the next, even in the same growing season. Growing conditions, such as the amount of rain, can have a tremendous impact on the delicate Helichrysum blossoms.

The better the growing conditions, the higher the quality of the Helichrysum oil will be. The higher the quality, the more mellow and pleasant the aroma will be. The price will always reflect this. The lower priced (more pungent) Helichrysum essential oils are often very therapeutic and more practical for use situations where a lot of the oil will be needed. For this reason, many essential oil companies provide more than one Helichrysum oil at widely divergent prices.

There is a lot of confusion about the Helichrysum species. Many distributors claim that Helichrysum Angustafolia and Helichrysum Italicum are the same plant. They are certainly quite similar. As stated previously, the difference in quality of these two species of Helichrysum seems to be in the growing conditions of each year’s crop. There are many other species of Helichrysum besides Italicum and Angustifolia. Each one has unique advantages, however, none of them are as therapeutic as these two.

CAUTIONS: Helichrysum should be used with caution if pregnant. It should also be used cautiously with small children.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

JUNIPER BERRY (Juniperus communis)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antiseptic, diuretic, expectorant, emmenagogue, antiparasitic, tonic, depurative

AFFINITY FOR: digestive system, endocrine system, reproductive system, hormones, urinary tract, brow chakra, kidney meridian, yang energy

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Coniferae

PART UTILIZED: fruit

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Juniper Berry is said to improve mental clarity and memory without undue stimulation to the nervous system. In fact, Juniper Berry essential oil is quite relaxing.

APPLICATION: Juniper Berry oil should be diluted and applied to the feet, on the abdomen, or on the small of the back (over the kidneys).

EMOTIONAL - SPIRITUAL - MENTAL ASPECTS: Juniper Berry essential oil is suited for people who fear growing up or growing older. The use of Juniper Berry essential oil is about maturing into wisdom; not just ordinary wisdom but wisdom with compassion. It is about cultivating an understanding of the continuity of life, coupled with a sense of humor. Juniper gives us a feeling of gratitude for the privilege to have learned from the experiences and lessons of life. Juniper Berry helps to elevate spiritual awareness and reverence for sacred things. It can open the soul to direction by inspiration and religious principle.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Juniper Berry improves circulation, particularly to the kidneys. It helps the body move fluids and toxins out of the cells and tissues. It is a useful remedy for fluid retention, cellulite, premenstrual bloating, gout, and arthritis.

It is said that Juniper Berry oil helps with nerve function and regeneration. Juniper Berry can be a useful oil for the digestive system. It has a beneficial effect on the emotional and physical aspects of over-indulgence in food. Juniper essential oil is effective for acne, eczema, oily skin, psoriasis, and dandruff.

CAUTIONS: Use of Juniper Berry essential oil should be avoided during pregnancy. It should be used with caution on children. This oil is contra-indicated for people with kidney disease. This is a great oil to balance and strengthen kidney function and deal with kidney infections, but it is not to be used by people with kidney diseases.

©Copyright Butterfly Expressions 2020, 2021

LAVENDER (Lavandula angustifolia)

Lavender is a universal oil that has been shown to balance the body and to work wherever there is a need. It is called 'the grandmother' of essential oils because it cares for and nurtures us through such a variety of physical and emotional stresses. If you don't know what essential oil to reach for, try lavender. Lavender can help us move from judgement to kindness and generosity. Lavender can be applied to cuts, sunburns, burns, rashes, dermatitis, eczema, and insect bites. 

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antiseptic, diuretic, expectorant, emmenagogue, antiparasitic

AFFINITY FOR: digestive system, lymphatic system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system, genito-urinary system, immune system, nerves, brain, solar plexus, all heart meridians, base chakra

RESONANCE: physical, mental, emotional, spiritual

PLANT FAMILY: Labiatae

PART UTILIZED: flowering tops

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Lavender can help us move from judgement to kindness and generosity.

APPLICATION: There is probably no wrong way to apply or diffuse lavender.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: One of the great emotional gifts of lavender is the feeling of total and unchanging support around us. It leaves us with no room for doubt that we are loved and will be supported in life's challenges and in the process of healing. Lavender promotes faith, even in the hard times. Lavender brings balance between masculine and feminine energy and traits.

Lavender is a gentle, but effective, sedative and nervine. It can bring relief from anxiety, panic, hysteria, emotional and mental fatigue, headaches and migraines, and insomnia.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Lavender can be used for nearly all skin conditions. It can be applied to cuts, sunburns, burns, rashes, dermatitis, eczema, and insect bites. Consistent use of lavender with burns and injuries minimizes scarring. Lavender, usually as part of a blend, is often used to prevent or remedy conditions of dandruff and hair loss. Lavender is antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, cytophylactic, and antispasmodic, making it effective for muscle strains and sprains, cramps, and wound healing.

Lavender clears excess waste products from the lymphatic system and is an aid to digestion. Lavender is sometimes all that is needed to prevent or alleviate nausea. Mildly diuretic, lavender can be useful in alleviating edema and premenstrual water retention. Whether the root of the problem is emotional or physical, lavender is often effective in stabilizing both high and low blood pressure and regulating the pulse. Lavender, or blends containing it, is used to lessen pain and promote restful sleep. Lavender is useful for babies with thrush.

CAUTIONS: Lavender is wonderfully calming in small amounts, but can be stimulating if used in too large a quantity or too often. This is especially true with babies and small children.

LEMON (Citrus limonum)

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: antibiotic, sedative, carminative, diuretic, hemostatic, astringent, digestive, immunostimulant, antidepressant, stimulant, antiseptic, febrifuge, calmative, antispasmodic, anti-sclerotic, depurative, vermifuge, cicatrisive

AFFINITY FOR: respiratory system, lymphatic system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, digestive system, skin, muscles, solar plexus chakra, bladder meridian, wood element

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Rutaceae

PART UTILIZED: peel of fruit

EXTRACTION METHOD: cold pressed

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Lemon essential oil fills the air with a light, refreshing scent of lemons while it nourishes the nervous systems of everyone close by.

APPLICATION: Lemon oil should be diluted and applied to any area of the body. Since it helps dissolve cellulite, applying lemon to areas where cellulite has accumulated would be a good idea. Be sure to dilute to avoid irritation.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: Lemon brings clarity of thought, aids in logical thinking, and helps us connect cause and effect in our lives. Lemon is a good oil for study sessions, improving attention span, and problem solving. Lemon can help us analyze our resentments, decide if they are based on reality or not, and then help us let go of them - real or not! Lemon makes it easier to handle the stresses of life with a sense of humor.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Lemon essential oil supports the respiratory system and is useful for asthma, bronchitis, sore throat, sinusitis, and most other respiratory complaints. Lemon oil tightens smooth muscles and strengthens connective tissue throughout the body. Lemon oil can be used for a liver or lymphatic cleanse. After cleansing is complete, lemon oil can stimulate the pancreas and the entire endocrine system. Lemon is very helpful in passing gallstones and is said to induce labor when the baby is over due. Lemon oil can be used to purify water and leaves no unpleasant taste behind.

CAUTIONS: Lemon essential oil is said by some to be photo-toxic.

LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon flexuosus)

Lemongrass has an uplifting effect on mind, mood, and attitude. Awakens curiosity. It encourages us to go outside our usual boundaries and comfort zones. Use to cleanse your energy system when you have been in negative situations or around negative people. Lemongrass can give us energy and reawakens compassion following emotional overload or collapse. Dissolves cellulite during weight loss programs. Said to help improve eyesight. improves lymphatic drainage and gets oxygen flowing throughout the body.

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES: astringent, tonic, calmative, antiseptic, anti-infective, diuretic, digestive, antiparasitic, depurative, nervine

AFFINITY FOR: kidney, bladder, vascular system, parasympathetic nervous system, lymphatic system, circulation, solar plexus chakra, spleen meridian

RESONANCE: physical, emotional

PLANT FAMILY: Graminae

PART UTILIZED: leaves

EXTRACTION METHOD: steam distilled

AROMATIC CONSIDERATIONS: Lemongrass has a woodsy but light fragrance which has an uplifting effect on mind, mood, and attitude.

APPLICATION: Dilute and apply to the feet or to any area of the body that is causing concern.

EMOTIONAL / SPIRITUAL / MENTAL ASPECTS: The aroma of lemongrass awakens curiosity. It encourages us to go outside our usual boundaries and comfort zones. Lemongrass should be used to cleanse your energy system when you have been in negative situations or around negative people. Lemongrass can give us energy and reawakens compassion following emotional overload or collapse.

PHYSICAL ASPECTS: Lemongrass improves circulation, regenerates connective tissue, and repairs ligaments. Lemongrass is used for acne and for dissolving cellulite during weight loss programs. Lemongrass repairs the parasympathetic nervous system and improves eyesight. It is useful in bladder and kidney disorders and for healing varicose veins.

Two of the greatest benefits of lemongrass is that it improves lymphatic drainage and gets oxygen flowing throughout the body. Lemongrass is one of the best oils for disinfecting and purifying around the house.

CAUTIONS: Overuse of lemongrass can cause extreme skin irritation.